ToolsResources / Academic Writing & Argument

Worksheet

Reverse-outline worksheet

Map paragraph functions, claims and evidence in a draft you have written. Use the worksheet to find repetition, unsupported claims and missing reasoning.

Use the worksheet with your own draft

  1. Number the paragraphs in your draft.
  2. Give each paragraph a short function label: context, claim, evidence, explanation, objection or judgment.
  3. Record the claim, evidence and reasoning separately. Leave missing support visible.
  4. Check the sequence against your task and choose one specific revision.

Download blank CSV worksheet

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Illustrative row

Paragraph 3: compares two explanations; makes a claim about access; cites two differently scoped studies; needs a sentence explaining why the comparison is fair. Next revision: qualify the claim and explain the different populations.

Use a short label for evidence rather than copying confidential material into a shared worksheet.

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